- FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY CALENDAR DATE CONVERTER HOW TO
- FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY CALENDAR DATE CONVERTER REGISTRATION
To explain the collapse of absolutism in France and the consequences of the political vacuum created by its downfall for the course of the Revolution. Finally, by focusing on these issues specifically, this lesson should help prepare students for the study of the politics and ideologies of the nineteenth century, especially liberalism, conservatism, and socialism, all of which have connections to the political philosophy of the French Revolution. It also offers a good case study for the interrelationship between ideology and politics. The focus on the debate between individual rights versus the unified nation and the related debate about the origins of the Reign of Terror presented here offers students the opportunity to analyze primary documents, both visual and printed. The foreign and civil wars along with the Reign of Terror, therefore, were symptomatic of the failure to achieve national unity, not the cause of the excesses of the Terror government. However, the abstraction of the nation was a poor substitute for a flesh-and-blood king and thus generated hostility to the Revolution. Onto this, the Revolution grafted the republican ideology of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, whose concept of a unanimous and infallible "general will" was a comfortable but abstract replacement for the absolute monarchy. This claim holds that unity of the "nation" was far more important than the rights of the citizen. Rather than creating the individual rights of the citizen, the revolutionaries of 1789, with no political experience on which to draw, drew upon the only political model available, the absolute monarchy. The ideological interpretation argues that the seeds of the Reign of Terror were already planted in 1789. The Terror was, therefore, a political reaction to political and diplomatic circumstances by a revolutionary government under siege. The political interpretation claims that the first-generation revolutionaries enshrined individual liberties only to have their aspirations crushed by an escalating set of political crises-the foreign war, the outbreak of civil war in western France, and the political maneuvering of a monarch who became increasingly hostile to the French Revolution. This lesson plan focuses on two competing interpretations of the Terror: one political and the other ideological. Teachers who have but two or three days (a best-case scenario) to lecture on the French Revolution are often forced to rely on the largely discredited theory that the French Revolution was a creation of the French bourgeoisie and the Terror was a reaction to a proto-socialist worker's movement.
How a revolution that began with the lofty purposes of the Declaration of Rights and Man and Citizen, a statement of universal individual rights, so rapidly devolved into a Reign of Terror is one of the most vexing questions about the French Revolution.
FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY CALENDAR DATE CONVERTER HOW TO
FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY CALENDAR DATE CONVERTER REGISTRATION
Access and Initial Setup in AP Registration and Ordering.National Examinations in World Languages.2020 AP with WE Service Scholarship Winners.
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